The cache is discarded when a block is popped, but then gets
rebuilt when the difficulty for next block is requested.
While this is all properly locked, it does not take into account
the delay caused by a database transaction being only committed
(and thus its effects made visible to other threads) later on,
which means another thread could request difficulty between
the pop and the commit, which would end up using stale database
view to build the cache, but that cache would not be invalidated
again when the transaction gets committed, which would cause the
cache to not match the new database data.
To fix this, we now keep track of when the cache is invalidated
so we can invalidate it again upon database transaction commit
to ensure it gets calculated again with fresh data next time it
is nedeed.
On startup, it checks against the difficulty checkpoints, and if any mismatch is found, recalculates all the blocks with wrong difficulties. Additionally, once a week it recalculates difficulties of blocks after the last difficulty checkpoint.
bb5c5df cryptonote_protocol: reject requests/notifications before handshake (moneromooo-monero)
f1d0457 cryptonote_protocol: stricter limit to number of objects requested (moneromooo-monero)
This can now happen if:
- we have a pruned db
- we have not connected to the monero network for a while
- we connect to a node
- that node asks us for history
- we only have a pruned version of the most recent common block
In that case, it's better to not reply but keep the connection alive,
so we can sync off it.
Some tools report the alignment check as UB, which seems a bit
dubious, but since the performance difference between the two
versions is minimal, I'll go with the safe version
- choice where to enter passphrase is now made on the host
- use wipeable string in the comm stack
- wipe passphrase memory
- protocol optimizations, prepare for new firmware version
- minor fixes and improvements
- tests fixes, HF12 support
An automatic tx variable is initialized properly on the first
run through the loop, but not the second. Moving the variable
inside the loop ensures the ctor is called again to init it.
- Add abstract_http_client.h which http_client.h extends.
- Replace simple_http_client with abstract_http_client in wallet2,
message_store, message_transporter, and node_rpc_proxy.
- Import and export wallet data in wallet2.
- Use #if defined __EMSCRIPTEN__ directives to skip incompatible code.
Expects an account number, then the usual sweep_all options
Useful to move monero that was accidentally sent to a subaddress
with a very large account index.
81c5943 Remove temporary std::string creation in some hex->bin calls (vtnerd)
5fcc23a Move hex->bin conversion to monero copyright files and with less includes (vtnerd)
3387f0e Reduce template bloat in hex->bin for ZMQ json (vtnerd)
When a handshake fails, it can fail due to timeout or destroyed
connection, in which case the connection will be, or already is,
closed, and we don't want to do it twice.
Additionally, when closing a connection directly from the top
level code, ensure the connection is gone from the m_connects
list so it won't be used again.
AFAICT this is now clean in netstat, /proc/PID/fd and print_cn.
This fixes a noisy (but harmless) exception.
760ecf2 console_handler: do not let exception past the dor (moneromooo-monero)
09c8111 threadpool: lock mutex in create (moneromooo-monero)
e377977 tx_pool: catch theoretical error in get_block_reward (moneromooo-monero)
The warning about spending more than one output with similar creation
time was skipped if print-ring-members was not set, and it defaults to
false, which means most people probably aren't getting this warning if
they spend correlated outputs.
Reported by SeventhAlpaca.
0349347e ringdb: use a different iv for key and data in rings table (moneromooo-monero)
7b882087 simplewallet: reword mixin in user message in terms of ring size (moneromooo-monero)
f507a43a wallet2: do not remove known rings when a tx fails (moneromooo-monero)
- New flag in NOTIFY_NEW_TRANSACTION to indicate stem mode
- Stem loops detected in tx_pool.cpp
- Embargo timeout for a blackhole attack during stem phase
A newly synced Alice sends a (typically quite small) list of
txids in the local tpxool to a random peer Bob, who then uses
the existing tx relay system to send Alice any tx in his txpool
which is not in the list Alice sent
This allows RPC coming from the loopback interface to not have
to pay for service. This makes it possible to run an externally
accessible RPC server for payment while also having a local RPC
server that can be run unrestricted and payment free.
4771a7ae p2p: remove obsolete local time in handshake (moneromooo-monero)
2fbbc4a2 p2p: avoid sending the same peer list over and over (moneromooo-monero)
3004835b epee: remove backward compatible endian specific address serialization (moneromooo-monero)
39a343d7 p2p: remove backward compatible peer list (moneromooo-monero)
60631802 p2p: simplify last_seen serialization now we have optional stores (moneromooo-monero)
9467b2e4 cryptonote_protocol: omit top 64 bits of difficulty when 0 (moneromooo-monero)
b595583f serialization: do not write optional fields with default value (moneromooo-monero)
5f98b46d p2p: remove obsolete local time from TIMED_SYNC (moneromooo-monero)
If a db resize happened, the txpool meta cursor might be stale,
and was not being renewed when necessary.
It would cause this SEGSEGV:
in mdb_cursor_set ()
in mdb_cursor_get ()
in cryptonote::BlockchainLMDB::get_txpool_tx_blob(crypto::hash const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, cryptonote::relay_category) const ()
in cryptonote::tx_memory_pool::get_transaction(crypto::hash const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, cryptonote::relay_category) const ()
in cryptonote::t_cryptonote_protocol_handler<cryptonote::core>::handle_notify_new_fluffy_block(int, epee::misc_utils::struct_init<cryptonote::NOTIFY_NEW_FLUFFY_BLOCK::request_t>&, cryptonote::cryptonote_connection_context&) ()
During the handshake for an incoming connection, the peer id is checked against the local node's peer id only for the specific zone of the incoming peer, in order to avoid linking public addresses to tor addresses:
5d7ae2d279/src/p2p/net_node.inl (L2343)
However, on handshakes for outgoing connections, all zones are checked:
5d7ae2d279/src/p2p/net_node.inl (L1064)
If an attacker wanted to link a specific tor node to a public node, they could potentially connect to as many public nodes as possible, get themselves added to the peer whitelist, maybe stuff some more attacker-owned addresses into the greylist, then disconnect, and for any future incoming connections, respond with the tor node's id in an attempt to link the public/tor addresses.
- Finding handling function in ZMQ JSON-RPC now uses binary search
- Temporary `std::vector`s in JSON output now use `epee::span` to
prevent allocations.
- Binary -> hex in JSON output no longer allocates temporary buffer
- C++ structs -> JSON skips intermediate DOM creation, and instead
write directly to an output stream.
88b82bef simplewallet: point to "set help" in the lock screen message (moneromooo-monero)
f19c9f23 util: allow newlines in string to be split (moneromooo-monero)
94266eeb simplewallet: fix output age display with duplicate heights (moneromooo-monero)
f1d379d2 simplewallet: fix "outputs in same tx" detector (moneromooo-monero)
In some contrived case, it might theoretically be the case that
destroy is called from another thread, which would modify the
threads array from two threads.
Coverity 208372
22d30866 simplewallet: add missing inactivity-lock-timeout to set help blurb (moneromooo-monero)
9f57f0df simplewallet: do not mention inactivity if a lock was manual (moneromooo-monero)
b90c4bc3 rpc: error out from get_info if the proxied call errors out (moneromooo-monero)
fa16df99 make_test_signature: exit nicely on top level exception (moneromooo-monero)
054b2621 node_rpc_proxy: init some new rpc payment fields in invalidate (moneromooo-monero)
d0faae2a rpc: init a few missing client_info members (moneromooo-monero)
d56a483a rpc: do not propagate exceptions out of a dtor (moneromooo-monero)
3c849188 rpc: always set the update field in update on sucess (moneromooo-monero)
Nodes remember which connections have been sent which peer addresses
and won't send it again. This causes more addresses to be sent as
the connection lifetime grows, since there is no duplication anymore,
which increases the diffusion speed of peer addresses. The whole
white list is now considered for sending, not just the most recent
seen peers. This further hardens against topology discovery, though
it will more readily send peers that have been last seen earlier
than it otherwise would. While this does save a fair amount of net
bandwidth, it makes heavy use of std::set lookups, which does bring
network_address::less up the profile, though not too aggressively.
8231c7cd rpc: fix bootstrap RPC payment RPC being made in raw JSON, not JSON RPC (moneromooo-monero)
81c26589 rpc: don't auto fail RPC needing payment in bootstrap mode (moneromooo-monero)
The backward compatibility code was always setting it to 1
in modern wallets since store_tx_keys was not present and thus
assumed to be 1 by default.
Reported by SeventhAlpaca
Adding a new `amounts` field ot the output of `get_transfers` RPC
method. This field specifies individual payments made to a single
subaddress in a single transaction, e.g., made by this command:
transfer <addr1> <amount1> <addr1> <amount2>
The added condition "hshd.current_height >= target" guards against
reporting "synchronized" too early in the special situation that the
very first peer sending us data is synced to a lower height than
ourselves.
This is technically a record encrypted in two pieces,
so the iv needs to be different.
Some backward compatibility is added to read data written
by existing code, but new data is written with the new code.
M100 = max{300kb, min{100block_median, m_long_term_effective_median_block_weight}}
not
M100 = max{300kb, m_long_term_effective_median_block_weight}
Fix base reward in get_dynamic_base_fee_estimate().
get_dynamic_base_fee_estimate() should match check_fee()
Fee is calculated based on block reward, and the reward penalty takes into account 0.5*max_block_weight (both before and after HF_VERSION_EFFECTIVE_SHORT_TERM_MEDIAN_IN_PENALTY).
Moved median calculation according to best practice of 'keep definitions close to where they are used'.
If more than one thread wants to make sure of the spend secret key,
then we decrypt on the first caller and reencrypt on the last caller,
otherwise we could use an invalid secret key.
If the hashes received would move the current blockchain past the
stop point, the short history would not be updated, since we do
not expect another loop, but the daemon might return earlier hashes,
causing the end index to not be enough to reach the threshold and
this require another loop, which will download the same hashes and
cause an infinite loop.
Dividing `dt` here by 1e6 converts it to seconds, but that is clearly
wrong since `REQUEST_NEXT_SCHEDULED_SPAN_THRESHOLD_STANDBY` is measured
in microseconds. As a result, this if statement was effectively never
used.
The highlight check was based on height, so would highlight
any output at that height, resulting in several matches if
a fake out was picked at the same height as the real spend
Avoids a DB error (leading to an assert) where a thread uses
a read txn previously created with an environment that was
since closed and reopened. While this usually works since
BlockchainLMDB renews txns if it detects the environment has
changed, this will not work if objects end up being allocated
at the same address as the previous instance, leading to stale
data usage.
Thanks hyc for the LMDB debugging.
38f691048 simplewallet: plug a timing leak (moneromooo-monero)
dcff02e4c epee: allow a random component in once_a_time timeouts (moneromooo-monero)
e10833024 wallet: reuse cached height when set after refresh (moneromooo-monero)
5956beaa1 wallet2: fix is_synced checking target height, not height (moneromooo-monero)
fd35e2304 wallet: fix another facet of "did I get some monero" information leak (moneromooo-monero)
d5472bd87 wallet2: do not send an unnecessary last getblocks.bin call on refresh (moneromooo-monero)
97ae7bb5c wallet2: do not repeatedly ask for pool txes sent to us (moneromooo-monero)
As reported by Tramèr et al, timing of refresh requests can be used
to see whether a password was requested (and thus at least one output
received) since this will induce a delay in subsequent calls.
To avoid this, we schedule calls at a given time instead of sleeping
for a set time (which would make delays additive).
To further avoid a scheduled call being during the time in which a
password is prompted, the actual scheduled time is now randomized.
Refreshing sets cached height, which is otherwise got by calling
get_info. Since get_info is called upon needing to display a prompt
after a command has finished, it can be used to determine how much
time a given command took to run if the cache timeout lapses while
the command runs. Refreshing caches the height as a side effect, so
get_info will never be called as a result of displaying a prompt
after refreshing (and potentially leaking how much time it took to
process a set of transactions, therefore leaking whether we got
some monero in them).
Target height would be appropriate for the daemon, which syncs
off other daemons, but the wallet syncs off the daemon it's
connected to, and its target is the daemon's current height.
We get new pool txes before processing any tx, pool or not.
This ensures that if we're asked for a password, this does not
cause a measurable delay in the txpool query after the last
block query.
The "everything refreshed" state was detected when a refresh call did
not return any new blocks. This can be detected without that extra
"empty" call by comparing the claimed node height to the height of
the last block retrieved. Doing this avoids that last call, saves
some bandwidth, and makes the common refresh case use only one call
rather than two.
As a side effect, it prevents an information leak reported by
Tramèr et al: if the wallet retrieves a set of blocks which includes
an output sent to the refreshing wallet, the wallet will prompt the
user for the password to decode the amount and calculate the key
image for the new output, and this will delay subsequent calls to
getblocks.bin, allowing a passive adversary to note the delay and
deduce when the wallet receives at least one output.
This can still happen if the wallet downloads more than 1000 blocks,
since this will be split in several calls, but then the most the
adversary can tell is which 1000 block section the user received
some monero (the adversary can estimate the heights of the blocks
by calculating how many "large" transfers are done, which will be
sections of blocks, the last of which will usually be below 1000,
but the size of the data should allow the actual number of blocks
sent to be determined fairly accurately).
This timing trick still be used via the subsequent scan for incoming
txes in the txpool, which will be fixed later.
This lets a passive attacker with access to the network link
between node and wallet perform traffic analysis to deduce
when an idle wallet receives a transaction.
Reported by Tramèr et al.
This allows flushing internal caches (for now, the bad tx cache,
which will allow debugging a stuck monerod after it has failed to
verify a transaction in a block, since it would otherwise not try
again, making subsequent log changes pointless)
b3a9a4d add a quick early out to get_blocks.bin when up to date (moneromooo-monero)
2899379 daemon, wallet: new pay for RPC use system (moneromooo-monero)
ffa4602 simplewallet: add public_nodes command (moneromooo-monero)
Daemons intended for public use can be set up to require payment
in the form of hashes in exchange for RPC service. This enables
public daemons to receive payment for their work over a large
number of calls. This system behaves similarly to a pool, so
payment takes the form of valid blocks every so often, yielding
a large one off payment, rather than constant micropayments.
This system can also be used by third parties as a "paywall"
layer, where users of a service can pay for use by mining Monero
to the service provider's address. An example of this for web
site access is Primo, a Monero mining based website "paywall":
https://github.com/selene-kovri/primo
This has some advantages:
- incentive to run a node providing RPC services, thereby promoting the availability of third party nodes for those who can't run their own
- incentive to run your own node instead of using a third party's, thereby promoting decentralization
- decentralized: payment is done between a client and server, with no third party needed
- private: since the system is "pay as you go", you don't need to identify yourself to claim a long lived balance
- no payment occurs on the blockchain, so there is no extra transactional load
- one may mine with a beefy server, and use those credits from a phone, by reusing the client ID (at the cost of some privacy)
- no barrier to entry: anyone may run a RPC node, and your expected revenue depends on how much work you do
- Sybil resistant: if you run 1000 idle RPC nodes, you don't magically get more revenue
- no large credit balance maintained on servers, so they have no incentive to exit scam
- you can use any/many node(s), since there's little cost in switching servers
- market based prices: competition between servers to lower costs
- incentive for a distributed third party node system: if some public nodes are overused/slow, traffic can move to others
- increases network security
- helps counteract mining pools' share of the network hash rate
- zero incentive for a payer to "double spend" since a reorg does not give any money back to the miner
And some disadvantages:
- low power clients will have difficulty mining (but one can optionally mine in advance and/or with a faster machine)
- payment is "random", so a server might go a long time without a block before getting one
- a public node's overall expected payment may be small
Public nodes are expected to compete to find a suitable level for
cost of service.
The daemon can be set up this way to require payment for RPC services:
monerod --rpc-payment-address 4xxxxxx \
--rpc-payment-credits 250 --rpc-payment-difficulty 1000
These values are an example only.
The --rpc-payment-difficulty switch selects how hard each "share" should
be, similar to a mining pool. The higher the difficulty, the fewer
shares a client will find.
The --rpc-payment-credits switch selects how many credits are awarded
for each share a client finds.
Considering both options, clients will be awarded credits/difficulty
credits for every hash they calculate. For example, in the command line
above, 0.25 credits per hash. A client mining at 100 H/s will therefore
get an average of 25 credits per second.
For reference, in the current implementation, a credit is enough to
sync 20 blocks, so a 100 H/s client that's just starting to use Monero
and uses this daemon will be able to sync 500 blocks per second.
The wallet can be set to automatically mine if connected to a daemon
which requires payment for RPC usage. It will try to keep a balance
of 50000 credits, stopping mining when it's at this level, and starting
again as credits are spent. With the example above, a new client will
mine this much credits in about half an hour, and this target is enough
to sync 500000 blocks (currently about a third of the monero blockchain).
There are three new settings in the wallet:
- credits-target: this is the amount of credits a wallet will try to
reach before stopping mining. The default of 0 means 50000 credits.
- auto-mine-for-rpc-payment-threshold: this controls the minimum
credit rate which the wallet considers worth mining for. If the
daemon credits less than this ratio, the wallet will consider mining
to be not worth it. In the example above, the rate is 0.25
- persistent-rpc-client-id: if set, this allows the wallet to reuse
a client id across runs. This means a public node can tell a wallet
that's connecting is the same as one that connected previously, but
allows a wallet to keep their credit balance from one run to the
other. Since the wallet only mines to keep a small credit balance,
this is not normally worth doing. However, someone may want to mine
on a fast server, and use that credit balance on a low power device
such as a phone. If left unset, a new client ID is generated at
each wallet start, for privacy reasons.
To mine and use a credit balance on two different devices, you can
use the --rpc-client-secret-key switch. A wallet's client secret key
can be found using the new rpc_payments command in the wallet.
Note: anyone knowing your RPC client secret key is able to use your
credit balance.
The wallet has a few new commands too:
- start_mining_for_rpc: start mining to acquire more credits,
regardless of the auto mining settings
- stop_mining_for_rpc: stop mining to acquire more credits
- rpc_payments: display information about current credits with
the currently selected daemon
The node has an extra command:
- rpc_payments: display information about clients and their
balances
The node will forget about any balance for clients which have
been inactive for 6 months. Balances carry over on node restart.
