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129 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
129 lines
4.3 KiB
Plaintext
The Onion Routing (TOR) Frequently Asked Questions
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1. General.
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1.1. What is Tor?
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Tor is an implementation of version 2 of Onion Routing.
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Go read the tor-design.pdf for the details.
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In brief, Onion Routing is a connection-oriented anonymizing communication
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service. Users choose a source-routed path through a set of nodes, and
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negotiate a "virtual circuit" through the network, in which each node
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knows its predecessor and successor, but no others. Traffic flowing down
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the circuit is unwrapped by a symmetric key at each node, which reveals
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the downstream node.
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Basically Tor provides a distributed network of servers ("onion
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routers"). Users bounce their tcp streams (web traffic, ftp, ssh, etc)
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around the routers, and recipients, observers, and even the routers
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themselves have difficulty tracking the source of the stream.
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1.2. Why's it called Tor?
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Because Tor is the onion routing system. I kept telling people I was
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working on onion routing, and they said "Neat. Which one?" Even if onion
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routing has become a standard household term, this is the actual onion
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routing project, started out of the Naval Research Lab.
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(Theories about recursive acronyms are ok too. It's also got a fine
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translation into German.)
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1.3 Is there a backdoor in Tor?
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Not right now, but if this answer changes we probably won't be allowed
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to tell you. You should always check the source (or at least the diffs
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since the last release) for suspicious things; and if we don't give you
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source, that's a sure sign something funny could be going on.
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2. Compiling and installing.
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[Read the README file for now; check back here once we've got packages/etc
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for you.]
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3. Running Tor.
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3.1. What kind of server should I run?
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The same executable functions as both client and server, depending on
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which ports are specified in the configuration file. You can specify:
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* SocksPort: client applications (eg privoxy, Mozilla) can speak socks to
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this port.
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* ORPort: other onion routers connect to this port
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* DirPort: onion proxies and onion routers speak http to this port, to
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pull down a directory of which nodes are currently available.
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3.2. So I can just run a full onion router and join the network?
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No. Users should run just an onion proxy. If you have sufficient
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bandwidth (>= 1MBit both ways) you can consider running a router,
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but just to use the network you don't need to. Note that you won't
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be used by clients much unless you are verified properly by the
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directory administrators (see next question).
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3.3. How do I join the network then?
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If you just want to use the onion routing network, you can run a proxy
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and you're all set. If you want to run a router, you can do so by
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enabling ORPort, which will make your router get used for some things.
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However, in order to get used for everything, you must become a "verified"
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router. Simply convince the directory server operators (mail
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tor-ops@freehaven.net) that you're a trustworthy and reliable person.
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From there, the operators add you to the directory, which propagates out
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to the rest of the network. All nodes will know about you within a half
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hour. Once you are verified clients will pick you as entry and exit nodes.
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3.4. Can I just set DirPort and be a directory server?
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If you are an onion router and set DirPort then you will serve the
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directory to other clients. This takes some load off the authoritative
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dirservers. Your node will not generate its own directory, instead
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it will provide the one it fetched from an authoritative dirserver.
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If you run a very reliable node, you plan to be around for a long time,
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and you want to spend some time ensuring that router operators are
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people we know and like, we may want you to run an authoritative directory
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server too. We must manually add you to the 'dirservers' file that's part of
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the distribution; users will only know about you when they upgrade to
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a new version.
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4. Development.
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4.1. Who's doing this?
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4.2. Can I help?
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4.3. I've got a bug.
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5. Anonymity.
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5.1. So I'm totally anonymous if I use Tor?
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5.2. Where can I learn more about anonymity?
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5.3. What attacks remain against onion routing?
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6. Comparison to related projects.
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6.1. Onion Routing.
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Tor *is* onion routing.
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6.2. Freedom.
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7. Protocol and application support.
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7.1. http? ftp? udp? socks? mozilla?
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