/* Copyright (c) 2008, The Tor Project, Inc. */
/* See LICENSE for licensing information */
/* $Id$ */

/** \file memarea.c
 * \brief Implementation for memarea_t, an allocator for allocating lots of
 * small objects that will be freed all at once.
 */

#include "orconfig.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "memarea.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "compat.h"
#include "log.h"

/** All returned pointers should be aligned to the nearest multiple of this
 * value. */
#define MEMAREA_ALIGN SIZEOF_VOID_P

#if MEMAREA_ALIGN == 4
#define MEMAREA_ALIGN_MASK 3lu
#elif MEMAREA_ALIGN == 8
#define MEMAREA_ALIGN_MASK 7lu
#else
#error "void* is neither 4 nor 8 bytes long. I don't know how to align stuff."
#endif

/* Increment <b>ptr</b> until it is aligned to MEMAREA_ALIGN. */
static INLINE void *
realign_pointer(void *ptr)
{
  uintptr_t x = (uintptr_t)ptr;
  x = (x+MEMAREA_ALIGN_MASK) & ~MEMAREA_ALIGN_MASK;
  return (void*)x;
}

/** Implements part of a memarea.  New memory is carved off from chunk->mem in
 * increasing order until a request is too big, at which point a new chunk is
 * allocated. */
typedef struct memarea_chunk_t {
  /** Next chunk in this area. Only kept around so we can free it. */
  struct memarea_chunk_t *next_chunk;
  size_t mem_size; /**< How much RAM is available in u.mem, total? */
  char *next_mem; /**< Next position in u.mem to allocate data at.  If it's
                   * greater than or equal to mem+mem_size, this chunk is
                   * full. */
  union {
    char mem[1]; /**< Memory space in this chunk.  */
    void *_void_for_alignment; /**< Dummy; used to make sure mem is aligned. */
  } u;
} memarea_chunk_t;

#define CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE STRUCT_OFFSET(memarea_chunk_t, u)

/** A memarea_t is an allocation region for a set of small memory requests
 * that will all be freed at once. */
struct memarea_t {
  struct memarea_chunk_t *first; /**< Top of the chunk stack: never NULL. */
  size_t chunk_size; /**<Size to use when allocating chunks.*/
};

/** Helper: allocate a new memarea chunk of around <b>chunk_size</b> bytes. */
static memarea_chunk_t *
alloc_chunk(size_t chunk_size)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *res = tor_malloc_roundup(&chunk_size);
  res->next_chunk = NULL;
  res->mem_size = chunk_size - CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE;
  res->next_mem = res->u.mem;
  return res;
}

/** Allocate and return new memarea, with chunks of approximately
 * <b>chunk_size</b> bytes. (There is indeed some overhead.) */
memarea_t *
memarea_new(size_t chunk_size)
{
  memarea_t *head = tor_malloc(sizeof(memarea_t));
  head->first = alloc_chunk(chunk_size);
  head->chunk_size = chunk_size;
  return head;
}

/** Free <b>area</b>, invalidating all pointers returned from memarea_alloc()
 * and friends for this area */
void
memarea_drop_all(memarea_t *area)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk, *next;
  for (chunk = area->first; chunk; chunk = next) {
    next = chunk->next_chunk;
    tor_free(chunk);
  }
  area->first = NULL; /*fail fast on */
  tor_free(area);
}

/** Forget about having allocated anything in <b>area</b>, and free some of
 * the backing storage associated with it, as appropriate. Invalidates all
 * pointers returned from memarea_alloc() for this area. */
void
memarea_clear(memarea_t *area)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk, *next;
  if (area->first->next_chunk) {
    for (chunk = area->first->next_chunk; chunk; chunk = next) {
      next = chunk->next_chunk;
      tor_free(chunk);
    }
    area->first->next_chunk = NULL;
  }
  area->first->next_mem = area->first->u.mem;
}

/** Return true iff <b>p</b> is in a range that has been returned by an
 * allocation from <b>area</b>. */
int
memarea_owns_ptr(const memarea_t *area, const void *p)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk;
  const char *ptr = p;
  for (chunk = area->first; chunk; chunk = chunk->next_chunk) {
    if (ptr >= chunk->u.mem && ptr < chunk->next_mem)
      return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/** Return a pointer to a chunk of memory in <b>area</b> of at least <b>sz</b>
 * bytes.  <b>sz</b> should be significantly smaller than the area's chunk
 * size, though we can deal if it isn't. */
void *
memarea_alloc(memarea_t *area, size_t sz)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk = area->first;
  char *result;
  tor_assert(chunk);
  if (chunk->next_mem+sz > chunk->u.mem+chunk->mem_size) {
    if (sz+CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE >= area->chunk_size) {
      /* This allocation is too big.  Stick it in a special chunk, and put
       * that chunk second in the list. */
      memarea_chunk_t *new_chunk = alloc_chunk(sz+CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE);
      new_chunk->next_chunk = chunk->next_chunk;
      chunk->next_chunk = new_chunk;
      chunk = new_chunk;
    } else {
      memarea_chunk_t *new_chunk = alloc_chunk(area->chunk_size);
      new_chunk->next_chunk = chunk;
      area->first = chunk = new_chunk;
    }
    tor_assert(chunk->mem_size >= sz);
  }
  result = chunk->next_mem;
  chunk->next_mem = realign_pointer(chunk->next_mem + sz);
  return result;
}

/** As memarea_alloc(), but clears the memory it returns. */
void *
memarea_alloc_zero(memarea_t *area, size_t sz)
{
  void *result = memarea_alloc(area, sz);
  memset(result, 0, sz);
  return result;
}

/** As memdup, but returns the memory from <b>area</b>. */
void *
memarea_memdup(memarea_t *area, const void *s, size_t n)
{
  char *result = memarea_alloc(area, n);
  memcpy(result, s, n);
  return result;
}

/** As strdup, but returns the memory from <b>area</b>. */
char *
memarea_strdup(memarea_t *area, const char *s)
{
  return memarea_memdup(area, s, strlen(s)+1);
}

/** As strndup, but returns the memory from <b>area</b>. */
char *
memarea_strndup(memarea_t *area, const char *s, size_t n)
{
  size_t ln;
  char *result;
  const char *cp, *end = s+n;
  for (cp = s; *cp && cp < end; ++cp)
    ;
  /* cp now points to s+n, or to the 0 in the string. */
  ln = cp-s;
  result = memarea_memdup(area, s, ln+1);
  result[ln]='\0';
  return result;
}

/** Set <b>allocated_out</b> to the number of bytes allocated in <b>area</b>,
 * and <b>used_out</b> to the number of bytes currently used. */
void
memarea_get_stats(memarea_t *area, size_t *allocated_out, size_t *used_out)
{
  size_t a = 0, u = 0;
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk;
  for (chunk = area->first; chunk; chunk = chunk->next_chunk) {
    a += CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + chunk->mem_size;
    tor_assert(chunk->next_mem >= chunk->u.mem);
    u += CHUNK_HEADER_SIZE + (chunk->next_mem - chunk->u.mem);
  }
  *allocated_out = a;
  *used_out = u;
}

/** Assert that <b>area</b> is okay. */
void
memarea_assert_ok(memarea_t *area)
{
  memarea_chunk_t *chunk;
  tor_assert(area->first);

  for (chunk = area->first; chunk; chunk = chunk->next_chunk) {
    tor_assert(chunk->next_mem >= chunk->u.mem);
    tor_assert(chunk->next_mem <= chunk->u.mem+chunk->mem_size+MEMAREA_ALIGN);
  }
}