With this patch:
* Authorities load the key-pinning log at startup.
* Authorities open a key-pinning log for writing at startup.
* Authorities reject any router with an ed25519 key where they have
previously seen that ed25519 key with a different RSA key, or vice
versa.
* Authorities warn about, but *do not* reject, RSA-only descriptors
when the RSA key has previously gone along with an Ed25519 key.
(We should make this a 'reject' too, but we can't do that until we're
sure there's no legit reason to downgrade to 0.2.5.)
This module implements a key-pinning mechanism to ensure that it's
safe to use RSA keys as identitifers even as we migrate to Ed25519
keys. It remembers, for every Ed25519 key we've seen, what the
associated Ed25519 key is. This way, if we see a different Ed25519
key with that RSA key, we'll know that there's a mismatch.
We persist these entries to disk using a simple format, where each
line has a base64-encoded RSA SHA1 hash, then a base64-endoded
Ed25519 key. Empty lines, misformed lines, and lines beginning with
a # are ignored. Lines beginning with @ are reserved for future
extensions.
