diff --git a/changes/bug23693.1 b/changes/bug23693.1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b16788814
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changes/bug23693.1
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+  o Minor bugfixes (relay, crash):
+    - Avoid a crash when running with DirPort set but ORPort tuned off.
+      Fixes a case of bug 23693; bugfix on 0.3.1.1-alpha.
+
diff --git a/src/or/config.c b/src/or/config.c
index 1923afe7d0..87a3588db7 100644
--- a/src/or/config.c
+++ b/src/or/config.c
@@ -2174,9 +2174,16 @@ options_act(const or_options_t *old_options)
     if (transition_affects_workers) {
       log_info(LD_GENERAL,
                "Worker-related options changed. Rotating workers.");
+      const int server_mode_turned_on =
+        server_mode(options) && !server_mode(old_options);
+      const int dir_server_mode_turned_on =
+        dir_server_mode(options) && !dir_server_mode(old_options);
 
-      if (server_mode(options) && !server_mode(old_options)) {
+      if (server_mode_turned_on || dir_server_mode_turned_on) {
         cpu_init();
+      }
+
+      if (server_mode_turned_on) {
         ip_address_changed(0);
         if (have_completed_a_circuit() || !any_predicted_circuits(time(NULL)))
           inform_testing_reachability();
@@ -4738,7 +4745,8 @@ options_transition_affects_workers(const or_options_t *old_options,
   YES_IF_CHANGED_LINELIST(Logs);
 
   if (server_mode(old_options) != server_mode(new_options) ||
-      public_server_mode(old_options) != public_server_mode(new_options))
+      public_server_mode(old_options) != public_server_mode(new_options) ||
+      dir_server_mode(old_options) != dir_server_mode(new_options))
     return 1;
 
   /* Nothing that changed matters. */
diff --git a/src/or/main.c b/src/or/main.c
index d64c40240d..ffe4073295 100644
--- a/src/or/main.c
+++ b/src/or/main.c
@@ -2704,7 +2704,7 @@ do_main_loop(void)
   now = time(NULL);
   directory_info_has_arrived(now, 1, 0);
 
-  if (server_mode(get_options())) {
+  if (server_mode(get_options()) || dir_server_mode(get_options())) {
     /* launch cpuworkers. Need to do this *after* we've read the onion key. */
     cpu_init();
   }
diff --git a/src/or/router.c b/src/or/router.c
index e5996f665e..ec49473cc2 100644
--- a/src/or/router.c
+++ b/src/or/router.c
@@ -138,7 +138,8 @@ get_onion_key(void)
 }
 
 /** Store a full copy of the current onion key into *<b>key</b>, and a full
- * copy of the most recent onion key into *<b>last</b>.
+ * copy of the most recent onion key into *<b>last</b>.  Store NULL into
+ * a pointer if the corresponding key does not exist.
  */
 void
 dup_onion_keys(crypto_pk_t **key, crypto_pk_t **last)
@@ -146,8 +147,10 @@ dup_onion_keys(crypto_pk_t **key, crypto_pk_t **last)
   tor_assert(key);
   tor_assert(last);
   tor_mutex_acquire(key_lock);
-  tor_assert(onionkey);
-  *key = crypto_pk_copy_full(onionkey);
+  if (onionkey)
+    *key = crypto_pk_copy_full(onionkey);
+  else
+    *last = NULL;
   if (lastonionkey)
     *last = crypto_pk_copy_full(lastonionkey);
   else
@@ -214,10 +217,14 @@ construct_ntor_key_map(void)
 {
   di_digest256_map_t *m = NULL;
 
-  dimap_add_entry(&m,
-                  curve25519_onion_key.pubkey.public_key,
-                  tor_memdup(&curve25519_onion_key,
-                             sizeof(curve25519_keypair_t)));
+  if (!tor_mem_is_zero((const char*)
+                       curve25519_onion_key.pubkey.public_key,
+                       CURVE25519_PUBKEY_LEN)) {
+    dimap_add_entry(&m,
+                    curve25519_onion_key.pubkey.public_key,
+                    tor_memdup(&curve25519_onion_key,
+                               sizeof(curve25519_keypair_t)));
+  }
   if (!tor_mem_is_zero((const char*)
                           last_curve25519_onion_key.pubkey.public_key,
                        CURVE25519_PUBKEY_LEN)) {