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clean up bib; remove incorrect directory consensus discussion
svn:r1885
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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
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@inproceedings{eax,
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author = "M. Bellare and P. Rogaway and D. Wagner",
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title = "The EAX Mode of Operation: A Two-Pass Authenticated-Encryption Scheme Optimized for Simplicity and Efficiency",
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title = {The {EAX} Mode of Operation: A Two-Pass Authenticated-Encryption Scheme Optimized for Simplicity and Efficiency},
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booktitle = {Fast Software Encryption 2004},
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month = {February},
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year = {2004},
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@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
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@InProceedings{sybil,
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author = "John Douceur",
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title = {{The Sybil Attack}},
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1st International Peer To Peer Systems Workshop (IPTPS 2002)",
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 1st International Peer To Peer Systems Workshop (IPTPS)",
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month = Mar,
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year = 2002,
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}
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@ -915,7 +915,7 @@
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title = {Passive Attack Analysis for Connection-Based Anonymity Systems},
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author = {Andrei Serjantov and Peter Sewell},
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booktitle = {Computer Security -- ESORICS 2003},
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publisher = {Springer-Verlag, LNCS (forthcoming)},
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publisher = {Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2808},
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year = {2003},
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month = {October},
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}
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@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@
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@InProceedings{p5,
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author = {Rob Sherwood and Bobby Bhattacharjee and Aravind Srinivasan},
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title = {$P^5$: A Protocol for Scalable Anonymous Communication},
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booktitle = {2002 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy},
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booktitle = {IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy},
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pages = {58--70},
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year = 2002,
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publisher = {IEEE CS}
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@ -1379,39 +1379,16 @@ we make the
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simplifying assumption that all participants agree on the set of
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directory servers. Second, while Mixminion needs to predict node
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behavior, Tor only needs a threshold consensus of the current
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state of the network.
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% XXXX Do we really want this next part? It isn't really sound, and
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% XXXX we haven't implemented it. -NM
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Tor directory servers build a consensus directory through a simple
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four-round broadcast protocol. In round one, each server dates and
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signs its current opinion, and broadcasts it to the other directory
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servers; then in round two, each server rebroadcasts all the signed
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opinions it has received. At this point all directory servers check
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to see whether any server has signed multiple opinions in the same
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period. Such a server is either broken or cheating, so the protocol
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stops and notifies the administrators, who either remove the cheater
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or wait for the broken server to be fixed. If there are no
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discrepancies, each directory server then locally computes an algorithm
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(described below)
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on the set of opinions, resulting in a uniform shared directory. In
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round three servers sign this directory and broadcast it; and finally
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in round four the servers rebroadcast the directory and all the
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signatures. If any directory server drops out of the network, its
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signature is not included on the final directory.
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The rebroadcast steps ensure that a directory server is heard by
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either all of the other servers or none of them, even when some links
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are down (assuming that any two directory servers can talk directly or
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via a third). Broadcasts are feasible because there are relatively few
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directory servers (currently 3, but we expect as many as 9 as the network
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scales). Computing the shared directory locally is a straightforward
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threshold voting process: we include an OR if a majority of directory
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servers believe it to be good.
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state of the network. Third, we assume that we can fall back to the
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human administrators to discover and resolve problems when a concensus
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directory cannot be reached. Since there are relatively few directory
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servers (currently 3, but we expect as many as 9 as the network scales),
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we can afford operations like broadcast to simplify the consensus-building
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protocol.
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To avoid attacks where a router connects to all the directory servers
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but refuses to relay traffic from other routers, the directory servers
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must build circuits and use them to anonymously test router
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must also build circuits and use them to anonymously test router
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reliability~\cite{mix-acc}. Unfortunately, this defense is not yet
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designed or
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implemented.
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