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release: ChangeLog and ReleaseNotes for 0.4.7.7

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ChangeLog
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Changes in version 0.4.7.7 - 2022-04-27
This is the first stable version of the 0.4.7.x series. This series includes
several major bugfixes from previous series and one massive new feature:
congestion control.
Congestion control should improve traffic speed and stability on the network
once a majority of Exit upgrade. You can find more details about it in
proposal 324 in the torspec.git repository.
For a complete list of changes since 0.4.6.10, see the ReleaseNotes file.
o Minor features (fallbackdir):
- Regenerate fallback directories generated on April 27, 2022.
o Minor features (geoip data):
- Update the geoip files to match the IPFire Location Database, as
retrieved on 2022/04/27.
o Minor bugfixes (congestion control, client side logs):
- Demote a warn about 1-hop circuits using congestion control down to
info; Demote the 4-hop case to notice. Fixes bug 40598; bugfix on
0.4.5-alpha.
Changes in version 0.4.7.6-rc - 2022-04-07
This is the first release candidate of the 0.4.7.x series. Only one minor
bugfix went in since the last alpha couple weeks ago. We strongly recommend

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ReleaseNotes
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@ -2,6 +2,426 @@ This document summarizes new features and bugfixes in each stable
release of Tor. If you want to see more detailed descriptions of the
changes in each development snapshot, see the ChangeLog file.
Changes in version 0.4.7.7 - 2022-04-27
This is the first stable version of the 0.4.7.x series. This series
includes several major bugfixes from previous series and several features
including one massive new one: congestion control.
Congestion control, among other things, should improve traffic speed and
stability on the network once a majority of Exit upgrade. You can find more
details about it in proposal 324 in the torspec.git repository.
Below are all the changes of the 0.4.7.x series:
o Major features (congestion control):
- Implement support for flow control over congestion controlled
circuits. This work comes from proposal 324. Closes ticket 40450.
o Major features (relay, client, onion services):
- Implement RTT-based congestion control for exits and onion
services, from Proposal 324. Disabled by default. Enabled by the
'cc_alg' consensus parameter. Closes ticket 40444.
o Major features (directory authority):
- Add a new consensus method to handle MiddleOnly specially. When
enough authorities are using this method, then any relay tagged
with the MiddleOnly flag will have its Exit, Guard, HSDir, and
V2Dir flags automatically cleared, and will have its BadExit flag
automatically set. Implements part of proposal 335.
- Authorities can now be configured to label relays as "MiddleOnly".
When voting for this flag, authorities automatically vote against
Exit, Guard, HSDir, and V2Dir; and in favor of BadExit. Implements
part of proposal 335. Based on a patch from Neel Chauhan.
o Major features (Proposal 332, onion services, guard selection algorithm):
- Clients and onion services now choose four long-lived "layer 2"
guard relays for use as the middle hop in all onion circuits.
These relays are kept in place for a randomized duration averaging
1 week. This mitigates guard discovery attacks against clients and
short-lived onion services such as OnionShare. Long-lived onion
services that need high security should still use the Vanguards
addon (https://github.com/mikeperry-tor/vanguards). Closes ticket
40363; implements proposal 333.
o Major bugfix (relay, metrics):
- On the MetricsPort, the DNS error statistics are not reported by
record type ("record=...") anymore due to a libevent bug
(https://github.com/libevent/libevent/issues/1219). Fixes bug
40490; bugfix on 0.4.7.1-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (bridges):
- Make Tor work reliably again when you have multiple bridges
configured and one or more of them are unreachable. The problem
came because we require that we have bridge descriptors for both
of our first two bridges (else we refuse to try to connect), but
in some cases we would wait three hours before trying to fetch
these missing descriptors, and/or never recover when we do try to
fetch them. Fixes bugs 40396 and 40495; bugfix on 0.3.0.5-rc
and 0.3.2.1-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (client):
- Stop caching TCP connect failures to relays/bridges when we
initiated the connection as a client. Now we only cache connect
failures as a relay or bridge when we initiated them because of an
EXTEND request. Declining to re-attempt the client-based
connections could cause problems when we lose connectivity and try
to reconnect. Fixes bug 40499; bugfix on 0.3.3.4-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (onion service, congestion control):
- Fix the onion service upload case where the congestion control
parameters were not added to the right object. Fixes bug 40586;
bugfix on 0.4.7.4-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (relay, DNS):
- Lower the DNS timeout from 3 attempts at 5 seconds each to 2
attempts at 1 seconds each. Two new consensus parameters were
added to control these values. This change should improve observed
performance under DNS load; see ticket for more details. Fixes bug
40312; bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (relay, overload state):
- Relays report the general overload state for DNS timeout errors
only if X% of all DNS queries over Y seconds are errors. Before
that, it only took 1 timeout to report the overload state which
was just too low of a threshold. The X and Y values are 1% and 10
minutes respectively but they are also controlled by consensus
parameters. Fixes bug 40491; bugfix on 0.4.6.1-alpha.
o Major bugfixes (relay, overload):
- Do not trigger a general overload on DNS timeout. Even after
fixing 40527, some code remained that triggered the overload.
Fixes bug 40564; bugfix on 0.4.7.1-alpha.
- Change the MetricsPort DNS "timeout" label to be "tor_timeout" in
order to indicate that this was a DNS timeout from tor perspective
and not the DNS server itself.
- Deprecate overload_dns_timeout_period_secs and
overload_dns_timeout_scale_percent consensus parameters as well.
They were used to assess the overload state which is no more now.
- Don't make Tor DNS timeout trigger an overload general state.
These timeouts are different from DNS server timeout. They have to
be seen as timeout related to UX and not because of a network
problem. Fixes bug 40527; bugfix on 0.4.6.1-alpha.
o Minor feature (authority, relay):
- Reject End-Of-Life relays running version 0.4.2.x, 0.4.3.x,
0.4.4.x and 0.4.5 alphas/rc. Closes ticket 40480.
- Reject End-Of-Life relays running version 0.3.5.x. Closes
ticket 40559.
o Minor feature (onion service v2):
- Onion service v2 addresses are now not recognized anymore by tor
meaning a bad hostname is returned when attempting to pass it on a
SOCKS connection. No more deprecation log is emitted client side.
Closes ticket 40476.
- See https://blog.torproject.org/v2-deprecation-timeline for
details on how to transition from v2 to v3.
o Minor feature (reproducible build):
- The repository can now build reproducible tarballs which adds the
build command "make dist-reprod" for that purpose. Closes
ticket 26299.
o Minor features (bridge testing support):
- Let external bridge reachability testing tools discard cached
bridge descriptors when setting new bridges, so they can be sure
to get a clean reachability test. Implements ticket 40209.
o Minor features (compilation):
- Give an error message if trying to build with a version of
LibreSSL known not to work with Tor. (There's an incompatibility
with LibreSSL versions 3.2.1 through 3.4.0 inclusive because of
their incompatibility with OpenSSL 1.1.1's TLSv1.3 APIs.) Closes
ticket 40511.
o Minor features (control port):
- Provide congestion control fields on CIRC_BW and STREAM control
port events, for use by sbws. Closes ticket 40568.
o Minor features (fallbackdir):
- Regenerate fallback directories generated on April 27, 2022.
o Minor features (fuzzing):
- When building with --enable-libfuzzer, use a set of compiler flags
that works with more recent versions of the library. Previously we
were using a set of flags from 2017. Closes ticket 40407.
o Minor features (geoip data):
- Update the geoip files to match the IPFire Location Database, as
retrieved on 2022/04/27.
o Minor features (logging, heartbeat):
- When a relay receives a cell that isn't encrypted properly for it,
but the relay is the last hop on the circuit, the relay now counts
how many cells of this kind it receives, on how many circuits, and
reports this information in the log. Previously, we'd log each
cell at PROTOCOL_WARN level, which is far too verbose to be
useful. Fixes part of ticket 40400.
o Minor features (portability):
- Try to prevent a compiler warning about printf arguments that
could sometimes occur on MSYS2 depending on the configuration.
Closes ticket 40355.
o Minor features (testing configuration):
- When TestingTorNetwork is enabled, skip the permissions check on
hidden service directories. Closes ticket 40338.
- On a testing network, relays can now use the
TestingMinTimeToReportBandwidth option to change the smallest
amount of time over which they're willing to report their observed
maximum bandwidth. Previously, this was fixed at 1 day. For
safety, values under 2 hours are only supported on testing
networks. Part of a fix for ticket 40337.
- Relays on testing networks no longer rate-limit how frequently
they are willing to report new bandwidth measurements. Part of a
fix for ticket 40337.
- Relays on testing networks now report their observed bandwidths
immediately from startup. Previously, they waited until they had
been running for a full day. Closes ticket 40337.
o Minor features (testing):
- We now have separate fuzzers for the inner layers of v3 onion
service descriptors, to prevent future bugs like 40392. Closes
ticket 40488.
o Minor bugfix (CI, onion service):
- Exclude onion service version 2 Stem tests in our CI. Fixes bug
40500; bugfix on 0.3.2.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfix (logging):
- Update a log notice dead URL to a working one. Fixes bug 40544;
bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfix (pluggable transport):
- Do not kill a managed proxy if one of its transport configurations
emits a method error. Instead log a warning and continue processing
method arguments. Fixes bug 7362; bugfix on 0.2.3.6-alpha.
o Minor bugfix (relay):
- Remove the HSDir and HSIntro onion service v2 protocol versions so
relay stop advertising that they support them. Fixes bug 40509;
bugfix on 0.3.5.17.
o Minor bugfixes (bridges):
- When we don't yet have a descriptor for one of our bridges,
disable the entry guard retry schedule on that bridge. The entry
guard retry schedule and the bridge descriptor retry schedule can
conflict, e.g. where we mark a bridge as "maybe up" yet we don't
try to fetch its descriptor yet, leading Tor to wait (refusing to
do anything) until it becomes time to fetch the descriptor. Fixes
bug 40497; bugfix on 0.3.0.3-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (cell scheduling):
- Avoid writing empty payload with NSS write.
- Don't attempt to write 0 bytes after a cell scheduling loop. No
empty payload was put on the wire. Fixes bug 40548; bugfix
on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (circuit padding):
- Don't send STOP circuit padding cells when the other side has
already shut down the corresponding padding machine. Fixes bug
40435; bugfix on 0.4.0.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (compatibility):
- Fix compatibility with the most recent Libevent versions, which no
longer have an evdns_set_random_bytes() function. Because this
function has been a no-op since Libevent 2.0.4-alpha, it is safe
for us to just stop calling it. Fixes bug 40371; bugfix
on 0.2.1.7-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (compilation):
- Fix compilation error when __NR_time is not defined. Fixes bug
40465; bugfix on 0.2.5.5-alpha. Patch by Daniel Pinto.
- Fix our configuration logic to detect whether we had OpenSSL 3:
previously, our logic was reversed. This has no other effect than
to change whether we suppress deprecated API warnings. Fixes bug
40429; bugfix on 0.3.5.13.
- Resume being able to build on old / esoteric gcc versions. Fixes
bug 40550; bugfix on 0.4.7.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (compiler warnings):
- Fix couple compiler warnings on latest Ubuntu Jammy. Fixes bug
40516; bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (congestion control, client side logs):
- Demote a warn about 1-hop circuits using congestion control down
to info; Demote the 4-hop case to notice. Fixes bug 40598; bugfix
on 0.4.5-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (control, sandbox):
- Allows the control command SAVECONF to succeed when the seccomp
sandbox is enabled. Makes SAVECONF keep only one backup file, to
simplify implementation. Fixes bug 40317; bugfix on 0.2.5.4-alpha.
Patch by Daniel Pinto.
o Minor bugfixes (controller, path bias):
- When a circuit's path is specified, in full or in part, from the
controller API, do not count that circuit towards our path-bias
calculations. (Doing so was incorrect, since we cannot tell
whether the controller is selecting relays randomly.) Resolves a
"Bug" warning. Fixes bug 40515; bugfix on 0.2.4.10-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (dirauth, bandwidth scanner):
- Add the AuthDirDontVoteOnDirAuthBandwidth dirauth config parameter
to avoid voting on bandwidth scanner weights to v3 directory
authorities. Fixes bug 40471; bugfix on 0.2.2.1-alpha. Patch by
Neel Chauhan.
o Minor bugfixes (DNSPort, dormant mode):
- A request on the DNSPort now wakes up a dormant tor. Fixes bug
40577; bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (fragile-hardening, sandbox):
- When building with --enable-fragile-hardening, add or relax Linux
seccomp rules to allow AddressSanitizer to execute normally if the
process terminates with the sandbox active. This has the side
effect of disabling the filtering of file- and directory-open
requests on most systems and dilutes the effectiveness of the
sandbox overall, as a wider range of system calls must be
permitted. Fixes bug 11477; bugfix on 0.2.5.4-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (heartbeat):
- Adjust the heartbeat log message about distinct clients to
consider the HeartbeatPeriod rather than a flat 6-hour delay.
Fixes bug 40330; bugfix on 0.2.6.3-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (logging):
- If a channel has never received or transmitted a cell, or seen a
client, do not calculate time diffs against 1/1/1970 but log a
better prettier message. Fixes bug 40182; bugfix on 0.2.4.4.
- When we no longer have enough directory information to use the
network, we would log a notice-level message -- but we would not
reliably log a message when we recovered and resumed using the
network. Now make sure there is always a corresponding message
about recovering. Fixes bug 40496; bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (logging, relay):
- Add spaces between the "and" when logging the "Your server has not
managed to confirm reachability for its" on dual-stack relays.
Fixes bug 40453; bugfix on 0.4.5.1-alpha. Patch by Neel Chauhan.
o Minor bugfixes (metrics port, onion service):
- Fix the metrics with a port label to be unique. Before this, all
ports of an onion service would be on the same line which violates
the Prometheus rules of unique labels. Fixes bug 40581; bugfix
on 0.4.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (onion service congestion control):
- Avoid a non-fatal assertion failure in the case where we fail to
set up congestion control on a rendezvous circuit. This could
happen naturally if a cache entry expired at an unexpected time.
Fixes bug 40576; bugfix on 0.4.7.4-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (onion service):
- Do not flag an HSDir as non-running in case the descriptor upload
or fetch fails. An onion service closes pending directory
connections before uploading a new descriptor which leads to
wrongly flagging many relays and thus affecting circuit path
selection. Fixes bug 40434; bugfix on 0.2.0.13-alpha.
- Fix a warning BUG that would occur often on heavily loaded onion
service leading to filling the logs with useless warnings. Fixes
bug 34083; bugfix on 0.3.2.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (onion service, client):
- Fix a rare but fatal assertion failure due to a guard subsystem
recursion triggered by the onion service client. Fixes bug 40579;
bugfix on 0.3.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (onion service, config):
- Fix a memory leak for a small config line string that could occur
if the onion service failed to be configured from file properly.
Fixes bug 40484; bugfix on 0.3.2.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (onion service, TROVE-2021-008):
- Only log v2 access attempts once total, in order to not pollute
the logs with warnings and to avoid recording the times on disk
when v2 access was attempted. Note that the onion address was
_never_ logged. This counts as a Low-severity security issue.
Fixes bug 40474; bugfix on 0.4.5.8.
- Note that due to #40476 which removes v2 support entirely, this
log line is not emitted anymore. We still mention this in the
changelog because it is a Low-severity TROVE.
o Minor bugfixes (performance, DoS):
- Fix one case of a not-especially viable denial-of-service attack
found by OSS-Fuzz in our consensus-diff parsing code. This attack
causes a lot small of memory allocations and then immediately
frees them: this is only slow when running with all the sanitizers
enabled. Fixes one case of bug 40472; bugfix on 0.3.1.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (relay):
- Reject IPv6-only DirPorts. Our reachability self-test forces
DirPorts to be IPv4, but our configuration parser allowed them to
be IPv6-only, which led to an assertion failure. Fixes bug 40494;
bugfix on 0.4.5.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (relay, overload):
- Decide whether to signal overload based on a fraction and
assessment period of ntor handshake drops. Previously, a single
drop could trigger an overload state, which caused many false
positives. Fixes bug 40560; bugfix on 0.4.7.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (sandbox):
- Fix the sandbox on i386 by modifying it to allow the
"clock_gettime64" and "statx" system calls and to filter the
"chown32" and "stat64" system calls in place of "chown" and
"stat", respectively. Fixes bug 40505; bugfix on 0.2.5.4-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (statistics):
- Fix a fencepost issue when we check stability_last_downrated where
we called rep_hist_downrate_old_runs() twice. Fixes bug 40394;
bugfix on 0.2.0.5-alpha. Patch by Neel Chauhan.
o Minor bugfixes (tests):
- Fix a bug that prevented some tests from running with the correct
names. Fixes bug 40365; bugfix on 0.4.3.1-alpha.
o Minor bugfixes (usability):
- Do not log "RENDEZVOUS1 cell with unrecognized rendezvous cookie"
at LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN; instead log it at DEBUG. This warning can
happen naturally if a client gives up on a rendezvous circuit
after sending INTRODUCE1. Fixes part of bug 40400; bugfix
on 0.1.1.13-alpha.
- Do not log "circuit_receive_relay_cell failed" at
LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN; instead log it at DEBUG. In every case where we
would want to log this as a protocol warning, we are already
logging another warning from inside circuit_receive_relay_cell.
Fixes part of bug 40400; bugfix on 0.1.1.9-alpha.
o Code simplification and refactoring:
- Lower the official maximum for "guard-extreme-restriction-percent"
to 100. This has no effect on when the guard code will generate a
warning, but it makes the intent of the option clearer. Fixes bug
40486; bugfix on 0.3.0.1-alpha.
o Documentation:
- Add links to original tor design paper and anonbib to
docs/HACKING/README.1st.md. Closes ticket 33742. Patch from
Emily Bones.
- Describe the "fingerprint-ed25519" file in the tor.1 man page.
Fixes bug 40467; bugfix on 0.4.3.1-alpha. Patch by Neel Chauhan.
- Provide an improved version of the tor-exit-notice.html file for
exit relays to use as a landing page. The text is unchanged, but
the page design and layout are significantly modernized, and
several links are fixed. Patch from "n_user"; closes ticket 40529.
o Testing:
- Add unit tests for the Linux seccomp sandbox. Resolves
issue 16803.
o Code simplification and refactoring (rust):
- Remove Rust support and its associated code. It is unsupported and
Rust focus should be shifted to arti. Closes ticket 40469.
o Documentation (man, relay):
- Missing "OverloadStatistics" in tor.1 manpage. Fixes bug 40504;
bugfix on 0.4.6.1-alpha.
o Testing (CI, chutney):
- Bump the data size that chutney transmits to 5MBytes in order to
trigger the flow control and congestion window code. Closes
ticket 40485.
Changes in version 0.4.6.10 - 2022-02-04
This version contains minor bugfixes but one in particular is that relays
don't advertise onion service v2 support at the protocol version level.

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o Minor bugfixes (congestion control, client side logs):
- Demote a warn about 1-hop circuits using congestion control down to
info; Demote the 4-hop case to notice. Fixes bug 40598; bugfix on
0.4.5-alpha.

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o Minor features (fallbackdir):
- Regenerate fallback directories generated on April 27, 2022.

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o Minor features (geoip data):
- Update the geoip files to match the IPFire Location Database,
as retrieved on 2022/04/27.